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    Stem-cell research : nature.com subject feeds

    Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation in mature T- or NK-lymphomas: a phase II clinical trial

    April 23, 2026
    All Feeds / Stem-cell research : nature.com subject feeds / Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation in mature T- or NK-lymphomas: a phase II clinical trial
    April 23, 2026 Stem-cell research : nature.com subject feeds
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    Subjects

    • Cancer therapy
    • Phase II trials
    • Stem-cell research
    • T-cell lymphoma

    Abstract

    Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is a potential cure for patients with peripheral T-/NK-cell lymphomas (PTCL), but its application is understudied. This prospective trial evaluates a unique reduced-intensity (RIC) transplantation platform in 31 patients with PTCL (NCT03922724). One-year progression-free survival, the primary endpoint, is 53% (95% CI 29-72%) on the RIC arm and 60% (95% CI 25-83%) on the modified-RIC arm. The 3-year overall survival is 61% (95% CI 42-76%), with relapse estimated at 18% (95% CI 6-34%) at 3 years. Transplant-related mortality was 24% (95% CI 10-41%) at 1-year, low at 11% (95% CI 2-29%) for patients ≤60 years but 56% (95% CI 17-82%) for patients >60 years, p = 0.01. There was no grade III-IV acute graft-versus-host disease, while chronic graft-versus-host disease was estimated at 23% (95 CI 10-38%) at 2 years. This study demonstrates a benefit regardless of pre-transplantation disease status, challenging the requirement of remission for HCT.

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    Acknowledgements

    This work was supported by funding from the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research and a2022 Conquer Cancer Fundable Young Investigator Award, peer-reviewed and determined as fundable but not funded by Conquer Cancer, funded by the National Cancer Institute. The authors would like to thank the inpatient and clinic staff who cared for the patients, as well as the patients and their families.

    Author information

    Author notes
    1. These authors jointly supervised this work: Dimana Dimitrova, Jennifer A. Kanakry.

    Authors and Affiliations

    1. Center for Immuno-Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA

      Kamil A. Rechache, Natalia S. Nunes, Jennifer Sponaugle, Elisabetta Xue, Amy Chai, Rebecca Combs, Jessenia Campos, Scott Napier, Ruby Sabina, Mustafa A. Hyder, Christopher G. Kanakry, Dimana Dimitrova & Jennifer A. Kanakry

    2. Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA

      Xingmin Feng

    3. Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA

      Francis A. Flomerfelt, William Telford & Brian Dawson

    4. Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA

      Kalpana Upadhyaya

    5. Clinical Pharmacology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA

      Thomas E. Hughes

    6. Office of the Clinical Director, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA

      Syed Muhammad Salman Shah

    7. Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA

      Alicia Peluso

    8. Immune Deficiency and Cellular Therapy Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA

      Christi McKeown & Anita Stokes

    9. Office of the Chief Medical Officer, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA

      Jennifer Wilder, Kristen Cole & Judy Baruffaldi

    10. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA

      Jennifer Cuellar-Rodriguez, Juan Gea-Banacloche & Mary M. Czech

    Authors
    1. Kamil A. Rechache
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    2. Natalia S. Nunes
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    3. Jennifer Sponaugle
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    4. Elisabetta Xue
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    5. Amy Chai
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    6. Rebecca Combs
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    7. Jessenia Campos
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    8. Xingmin Feng
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    9. Francis A. Flomerfelt
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    10. Kalpana Upadhyaya
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    11. William Telford
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    12. Brian Dawson
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    13. Thomas E. Hughes
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    14. Syed Muhammad Salman Shah
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    15. Alicia Peluso
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    16. Christi McKeown
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    17. Anita Stokes
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    18. Scott Napier
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    19. Ruby Sabina
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    20. Jennifer Wilder
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    21. Kristen Cole
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    22. Judy Baruffaldi
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    23. Jennifer Cuellar-Rodriguez
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    24. Juan Gea-Banacloche
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    25. Mary M. Czech
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    26. Mustafa A. Hyder
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    27. Christopher G. Kanakry
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    28. Dimana Dimitrova
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    29. Jennifer A. Kanakry
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    Corresponding authors

    Correspondence to Dimana Dimitrova or Jennifer A. Kanakry.

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    The authors declare no competing interests.

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    Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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    Cite this article

    Rechache, K.A., Nunes, N.S., Sponaugle, J. et al. Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation in mature T- or NK-lymphomas: a phase II clinical trial. Nat Commun (2026). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-71461-5

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    • Received: 23 April 2025

    • Accepted: 17 March 2026

    • Published: 23 April 2026

    • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-71461-5

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